Experimental study demonstrates that lower pumice ratios and cement dosages improve concrete freeze-thaw durability, indicating optimal mix designs for cold climates.
This research was conducted to determine effect of pumice aggregate ratio, cement dosage and slumps on freeze-thaw resistance, density, water absorption and elasticity of concrete. In the first batch, <TEX>300kg/m³</TEX> cement dosage were kept constant and pumice ratios were changed as 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% of replacement for normal aggregate by volume for <TEX>3±1cm</TEX>, <TEX>5±1cm</TEX> and <TEX>7±1cm</TEX> slumps. Other batches were prepared with <TEX>200kg/m³</TEX>, <TEX>250kg/m³</TEX>, <TEX>350kg/m³</TEX>, <TEX>400kg/m³</TEX> and <TEX>500kg/m³</TEX> cement dosages and 25% pumice aggregate +75% normal aggregate at a constant slump. Test results showed that when pumice-aggregate ratio decreased the density and freeze-thaw resistance of concretes increased. With increasing of cement dosage in the mixtures, density of the concretes increased, however, freeze-thaw resistance of concretes decreased. Water absorption of the concrete decreased with increasing cement dosage but increased with the pumice ratio. Water absorption of the concrete also decreased after freeze-thaw cycles. Freeze-thaw resistance of concretes was decreased with increasing the slumps.
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Türkmen et al. (2006) studied this question.
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