Although numerical methods are available for incorporating relatively complex constitutive relations in solutions of stress wave propagation problems in soil, the constitutive relations are not well enough known to obtain realistic solutions to many soil problems. Under certain limiting circumstances in sand, principally conditions of small strains, the material may be represented as being linearly elastic. For larger strains, however, sand behavior is very nonlinear and inelastic.
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Wetzel et al. (1970) studied this question.