Time‐resolved Ultraviolet Absorption Changes in the Photocycle of Bacteriorhodopsin*

The kinetics of the absorption changes associated with the perturbation of aromatic acids during the photocycle of bacteriorhodopsin (bR) were studied at room temperature with microsecond time‐resolution. Flash experiments with nanosecond excitation at 532 nm were performed on the purple membrane suspension at a number of measuring wavelengths in the spectral range250–630 nm (to monitor both non‐chromophore changes and the photocycle kinetics). The kinetic data collected at different wavelengths were simultaneously fitted with a sum of exponentials to obtain time‐resolved UV‐VIS difference spectra of photocycle intermediates. This approach allowed us to separate kinetically distinct contributions coupled with tryptophan(s) and tyrosine(s) perturbations. Contributions associated with a reversible perturbation of tryptophans appeared with complex (multistep) kinetics during the bRM transitions and relaxed in a single step during the M0 transition. A contribution associated with perturbation of the local environment of tyrosine appeared before the L and relaxed during the Ob̊ transition.