The automatic beam superposition properties of the Wollaston prism are used to develop comparison beam systems for the simultaneous optical measurement of one, two and three components of the velocity vector in fluids. The systems do not require beam alignment for heterodyning, thus removing a traditional disadvantage of comparison beam systems compared with cross-beam systems and permitting full use of the fact that comparison beam systems are inherently better suited for multidimensional velocity measurement than cross-beam systems. The systems discussed use photodiodes (having one or more photosensitive areas) without preamplification. No electronic or optical high, low or narrow pass filters are used.
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Bossel et al. (1972) studied this question.
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