The estimation of effective protection coefficients is reported for 18 commodities produced in the Egyptian agricultural sector; both the Corden and Balassa formula are used. Attention is focussed on the effects on those estimates of using official and free market exchange rates, and of the exclusion and inclusion of the value of by products. It is concluded that when the market exchange rate is used Egyptian agricultural production faces overall disincentives from the protective structure.
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Hassan et al. (1992) studied this question.
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