Anticancer Activity of Linamarin from Cassava Leaves (Manihot esculenta Cranz) on Raji Cells

Background and Objective: Linamarin is an active compound isolated from the leaves of cassava (Manihot esculenta Cranz) that has cytotoxic effects on HT-29, MCF-7 and HL-60 cells. This study was aimed to determine the cytotoxic and antiproliferation activity and induction of p53 protein in Raji cells after administration of various concentrations of linamarin from cassava leaves (Manihot esculenta Cranz). Materials and Methods: Linamarin was isolated from cassava leaves (Manihot esculenta Cranz) using a multilevel purification method. Linamarin cytotoxicity was tested on Raji cells using the MTT method, while antiproliferation activity was tested using a doubling time test. The p53 protein expression was observed by immunocytochemical tests. The cytotoxic activity of Raji cells was expressed by the value of Inhibitory concentration 50 g mLG 1 . The doubling time was calculated by comparing the slope values of the log graphs of the number of cells at various times. Raji cells that were positive for p53 protein showed brown painted nuclei or cytoplasm. Results: Linamarin from cassava leaves can inhibit cytotoxic activity and proliferation on Raji cells. The higher the linamarin concentration, the longer the doubling time of Raji cells. The expression of p53 protein on Raji cells after linamarin administration was higher than the control. The p53 protein expression was found in the nuclei (91.05%) and cytoplasm (8.95%). Conclusion: Based on those findings, linamarin from cassava leaves has the potential to be developed as an anticancer agent.