Photography, painting, and prints in Ladakh and Zangskar. Intermediality and transmediality

The central thesis of this essay is that one of the most important aspects of the pioneering use of photographic portraits of teachers in the late 19th and early 20th century in Western Himalayan Buddhist contexts is its ongoing visual relationship to and with pre-photographic media, including sculpture, printing, and especially painting. Evidence shows that the most common compositions for early portrait photographs drew closely on earlier templates already well-established by painting and sculpture.