Cutaneous T cell lymphoma: update on treatment

BACKGROUND: Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) is a myeloproliferative disease with pronounced epidermotropism. The major subtypes of CTCL are mycosis fungoides and Sézary syndrome. Survival is dependent on the histological subtype and clinical stage. Early CTCL has a normal life expectancy, therefore early disease recognition and stage adapted treatment might help to ensure a good prognosis. METHODS: This is a review of recent advances in CTCL treatment based on literature review. RESULTS: Skin targeted therapies are useful for patch and limited plaque disease with phototherapy as the cornerstone of such treatments. More advanced disease will benefit from systemic mono- or combined treatments including drug therapy, extracorporeal photopheresis, and radiotherapy. In practice combined treatments may reduce adverse events and improve response rates. For selected younger patients, stem cell transplantation seems a third-line option. CONCLUSIONS: The therapeutic spectrum for CTCL has been advanced during the last years, providing the opportunity of tailored treatment for patients.