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Fundamental to the development of many scientific fields is the need for quantitative observation of a specimen in three dimensions. Examples include the nondestructive inspection of materials to locate defects, measurement of atmospheric pollutants, determination of the distribution of a dye in a cell, or in vivo measurements of metabolic activity in tissue. For these type of analyses, optical measurements to determine concentration of the probe molecule are commonly employed.
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David H. Burns (1994) studied this question.
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