Three altruistic and three competitive instrumental values from the Rokeach Survey of Values were rank ordered by 253 undergraduate students. On a separate occasion they also responded to an invitation from a different person to volunteer for either an altruistic or a competitive task involving 10 to 20 hours of their time. Value orientation was significantly related to course of study as 60% of the Business Students espoused the predominantly individual/competitive value orientation, while 74% of the Nursing students espoused the predominant social altruistic value orientation. The Fisher exact test of the behavioral intention to volunteer indicated a significant congruency between the type of instrumental values the person reported and the kind of activity chosen.
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Killeen et al. (1986) studied this question.
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