The effect of the air gap between a cylindrical dielectric resonator antenna and a microstrip line on the resonant frequency, directivity, unloaded Q-factor, and impedance bandwidth are studied. The antenna structure is numerically simulated with a software package based on the finite-element method. Appropriate correction factors are obtained, enabling an antenna engineer to incorporate the air-gap effect into the design of a microstrip-coupled cylindrical dielectric resonator antenna. The correction factors provide good agreement with the measured results in resonant frequency, unloaded Q-factor, and impedance bandwidth, but less accurate prediction in directivity for the specified range of parameters.
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Drossos et al. (1999) studied this question.
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