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This study investigates the role of Green Transformational Leadership (GTL) in promoting Sustainable Business Performance (SBP) within the context of Tamil Nadu’s leather industry, a sector characterised by resource-intensive operations. Building upon extant literature that examines the influence of leadership on sustainability outcomes, this research extends the theoretical discourse by incorporating Human Resource Development (HRD) as a foundational construct, thereby offering a more holistic approach for understanding sustainability-oriented innovation. The impact of GTL on SBP is empirically examined through the mediating mechanisms of Organizational Innovation Capabilities (OIC) and Green Self-Efficacy (GSE), consistent with the HRD theoretical paradigm that emphasises continuous learning, capability enhancement, and leadership-induced innovation. Employing Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM), the analysis reveals that HRD interventions, specifically structured training programmes, competency-building initiatives, and strategic leadership development serve to significantly reinforce the relationship between GTL and SBP. The findings contribute to the HRD and sustainability literature by elucidating the strategic role of HRD in fostering green innovation and advancing sustainable outcomes in environmentally sensitive industries. From a practical standpoint, the study underscores the importance of embedding HRD-oriented strategies within leadership development frameworks, enhancing employee environmental competencies and aligning HRD policies with organisationalo sustainability objectives.
Begum et al. (Thu,) studied this question.