A disruption in the flow of an intense annular relativistic electron beam occurred when a sudden change in the radius of the drift tube walls was introduced. Experimental results showed that the electron beam (which was immersed in a homogeneous magnetic field) was under the influence of a strong nonadiabatic force which caused considerable changes in beam characteristics, such as spatial distribution and electron transverse energy.
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Friedman et al. (1972) studied this question.
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