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Sustainable pharmaceutical manufacturing integrates green chemistry, energy efficiency, and responsible resource management to minimize environmental impact. The industry faces challenges such as high greenhouse gas emissions, extensive water usage, and hazardous waste generation. Regulatory frameworks enforce sustainability but are often perceived as burdensome. Companies adopting eco-friendly technologies benefit from cost savings, improved efficiency, and enhanced market competitiveness. Sustainable sourcing, circular economy principles, and case studies highlight best practices, while financial and regulatory barriers remain obstacles. Future trends focus on pollution prevention, eco-design, and advanced research, driving a more sustainable pharmaceutical sector.
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Kibibi Muthoni L. (2025) studied this question.
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