Seasonal changes of the volatile density in the coma and on the surface of comet 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko

Starting from several monthly data sets of Rosetta’s COmetary Pressure Sensor, we reconstruct the gas density in the coma around comet 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko. The underlying inverse gas model is constructed by fitting ten thousands of measurements to thousands of potential gas sources distributed across the entire nucleus surface. The ensuing self-consistent solution for the entire coma density and surface activity reproduces the temporal and spatial variations seen in the data for monthly periods with Pearson correlation coefficients of 0.93 and higher. For different seasonal illumination conditions before and after perihelion, we observe a systematic shift of gas sources on the nucleus.