Fast reaction kinetics of synthetic and biological macroions studied by the conductance stopped-flow technique

Application of conductance stopped-flow(CSF) technique on the kinetic analyses of the variety of fast reactions of polyelectrolytes are reviewed. The reaction systems discussed here are (1) metal-ion complexations with macroions (Ni2+ + poly-4-vinylpyridine), (2) neutral polymer-macroion associations (polyethylene glycol + polyacrylic acid), (3) macrocation-macroanion complexations (polyacrylate + polybrene and polyethylene sulfonate + polyethylenimine systems), (4) inclusions of cryptands with metal-ions, (5) antigen-hapten associations, i. e., anti-DNP-IgG + nitrazine yellow, (6) association of cationic- and anionic- latices in solution, and (7) conformational change of macroions. Especially, reactions (2), (3) and (7) are first clarified kinetically by using the CFS method.