The system of psychological correction of athlete’s personality in Olympic sport

On the basis of literary data study, knowledge about modern methods of psychological correction of athlete’s personality in Olympic sport is already systematized and generalized. The main psychocorrectional directions of influence on effectiveness of athletes’ performances have been already singled out. The structure of psychocorrection methods, including psychotherapeutic methods, psychological counselling, and psychological training is being developed in the article as well. The proposed algorithm of research made it possible to select adequate psychological means and methods, taking into account their complementarity and integral nature of the impact on athlete’s personality as it is a prerequisite for creating individual psychological training programs for the increase of the effectiveness of competitive activities of athletes, specializing in different sports at different stages of long-term preparation. The main psychocorrection approaches were determined as follows: psychocorrection of emotional states in sport activities; correction of the level of psychic self-regulation of athletes’ personality; correction of mental cognitive processes of athletes; psychocorrection of interpersonal relationships among athletes; correction of the goal-setting system for athletes by coaching. The study of scientific and methodological literature about psychological correction, applied in the practice of athletes’ training, allowed us to formulate and systematize a number of key psychological factors (volitional, strategic, perceptive-aimed, anticipatory, managerial, psychophysiological, intellectual, introspective, and motivational) that affect the mental state and training process of athletes. The content and forms of the manifestation of psychological factors during competitive activity are examined and their interrelation is studied in here. Integral indicators of psychological factors, which influence competitive activity in the Olympic sport, are determined and their priority importance is revealed as well. According to the experts’ opinion, among the integral indicators of the psychological factors, influencing athletes’ activity, the leading ones are motivational, volitional, and psychophysiological factors. The results of an expert survey on the psychological factors influence in Olympic sports (gaming, cyclic, difficult-coordination, and single combats) are analyzed. A system of psychocorrection is formed on the basis of psychological factors, which influence the effectiveness of athletes’ preparation. The structure of the system includes complexes of psychocorrection methods, corresponding to the substantive component of each psychological factor. The practical implementation of the system is based on the developed complexes of psychological correction methods, corresponding to the basic psychological factors, which could influence the competitive activity of athletes.