Characteristic research of electromagnetic force for mixing suspension electromagnet used in low‐speed maglev train

Suspension electromagnets are an essential component of the low‐speed maglev train. Their performance has a direct bearing on the technical and economical performance, as well as the safety, of the entire train. This report describes a new form of electromagnet, whose structure combines permanent magnets and electromagnetic coils. This report then uses a two‐dimensional (2D)/3D finite element approach in order to analyse the electromagnetic characteristics of this new form of hybrid electromagnet. A simulation was conducted according to four typical operating conditions: a full load with a fixed suspension gap of 8 mm; a full load with an initial suspension gap of 18 mm; a full load with a suspension gap of 10 mm; and an empty load with a 3 mm gap as well as a guard that prevented the magnet from getting caught on the tracks. The report equally discusses the extent to which the suspension gap and the current of the electromagnetic coil affect the electromagnet's force. The calculations and experiments reveal that this new, hybrid form of electromagnet is feasible and significantly contributes to saving energy.