First, some known models of dark energy and dark matter are researched. Next, we proposed the negative matter unified dark matter and dark energy. Third, we analyze various dark regions in the Universe, which are divided into three categories: The fundamental void of matter; black holes with regular spherical shapes, and intense activity; the negative matter with irregular shapes and repulsive force. Fourth, new calculations are discussed. Fifth, gravitational wave and repulsive wave are researched. Sixth, perhaps the current astronomical data can already prove the existence of negative matter, such as some amplifying Einstein rings. Seventh, the negative matter may be mechanism of inflation. Finally, cosmic dynamics and quantum universe are searched.
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Yi-Fang Chang (2026) studied this question.
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