Key result
Cerebral ischemia and hypoxia trigger a rapid ~60% or greater increase in mean arterial pressure.
A marked increase in intracranial pressure (ICP) produces a concomitant increase in systemic blood pressure (the Cushing response). In this study a comparison is made between this response of systemic blood pressure to increased ICP and the blood pressure responses produced by ischemia, hypoxia, and hypercarbia of the primate brain. A carotid-to-carotid cross-perfusion system was used to produce a purely cerebral hypoxia and hypercarbia. Each stimulus, except hypercarbia, produced a hypertensive response that was qualitatively and quantitatively similar. These responses were characterized by a short latent period, a rapid development, and an increase in mean arterial pressure of 60% or more. The similarity of the responses suggests that these stimuli act through a final common pathway independent of the purely mechanical effects of increased ICP upon the brain.
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McGillicuddy et al. (1978) studied Cushing response. Cerebral ischemia, hypoxia, and hypercarbia vs. Increased intracranial pressure (ICP) was evaluated on Hypertensive response (increase in systemic blood pressure). Cerebral ischemia and hypoxia produced a hypertensive response similar to increased intracranial pressure, characterized by a rapid increase in mean arterial pressure of 60% or more.
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