Blue Electroluminescence from Eu²⁺-Doped GaN@SiO₂ Nanostructures Tuned to Industrial Standards

We have tuned the blue electroluminescence of surface-modified Eu 2+ -doped GaN@SiO 2 nanoparticle to industrial standards with a peak at 450 nm and Commission Internationale de I’Eclairage (CIE–1931) coordinates of X = 0.15 and Y = 0.15. The blue electroluminescence was observed on applying a 14 V forward bias to the devices. The Eu 2+ -doped GaN@SiO 2 nanoparticles were obtained on nitridation of Eu 3+ -doped Ga 2 O 3 @SiO 2 nanoparticles at 900 °C. Subsequently, the surface of the Eu 2+ -doped GaN@SiO 2 nanostructure was modified by reacting with dodecyletriethoxysilane at 80 °C, which enabled it to be dispersible in toluene, xylene, and benzene. Tuning of the CIE coordinates is dependent on the ratio of nitrogen to oxygen in the coordinating sphere of Eu 2+ ions which is the origin of the blue electroluminescence.