Study of jaundice profile in patients admitted in tertiary care hospital of rural Haryana

Introduction: Jaundice is the most common symptom observed in liver, gall bladder and haematological diseases.For a definitive diagnosis, every physician depends on correlation with biochemical, serological and radiological investigations.Our present study describes the clinical profile of patients of jaundice admitted in rural tertiary care hospital in Haryana.The aim of our research was to study age and sex distribution of patients, to associate clinical signs, symptoms & risk factors, to investigate biochemical & serological profile in different aetiologies of jaundice.Material and Method: The study was conducted on 200 patients admitted in the Department of Medicine during period of six months.A Predesigned questionnaire was used.Routine lab investigations were done for every patient.Patients went ultrasound examination of abdomen whenever necessary.Observations: Out of 200 patients, 141(70.5%)were males and 59(29.5%)were females.Most common cause of jaundice was viral hepatitis (40%), followed by alcoholic liver disease, obstructive jaundice, chronic liver disease.Fatigue (86%) was the most common symptom, followed by anorexia, pain abdomen and fever.Hepatomegaly was found in 132 patients (66%).SGOT and SGPT were found to be raised in 188 and 172 cases respectively.Albumin Globulin ratio was less than 1 in 72 cases. Conclusion:The variability in nature of the disease regarding its presenting signs and symptoms, clinical course and development of complications are important aspects.So, it is very essential for health care professionals to be aware of all aspects of it so that the disease is detected and treated early.There should be some surveillance system to regularly monitor the portability of drinking water from time to time to avoid HAV and HEV infection.Proper screening of blood prior to transfusion would prevent HBV and HCV infection.Chronic alcoholics should undergo treatment and behavioural modification in rehabilitation centres.