Scattering of electromagnetic waves by a two-layer random medium

The authors discuss the scattering of electromagnetic waves by a two-layer random medium. They derive the analytic and closed expressions of like and cross-polarized backscattering coefficients from the field equations. The theoretical results are in good agreement with the experimental data obtained in the case of snow-covered sea ice. The 'polarized backscattering ratio law' is demonstrated. Significantly, the theory applies to electromagnetic waves at all wavelengths and scatterers of various shapes if the T matrix can be calculated by average field theories.