Clinical and prognostic implications of pituitary tumor-transforming gene 1 in solid tumors

Background: Pituitary tumor-transforming 1 (PTTG1) plays a crucial role in cancer pathogenesis and has been associated with survival outcomes and clinicopathological features in patients with various tumors. Therefore, we conducted a comprehensive meta-analysis to evaluate the prognostic and clinicopathological significance of PTTG1 expression in solid tumors. Methods: A comprehensive search of the PubMed, EMBASE and Web of Science was performed to identify eligible studies until July 20, 2025. The hazard ratios (HRs) and odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. Stata SE 12.0 software was used to perform the meta-analysis. Results: 22 studies from 21 articles were included in this meta-analysis. The pooled results showed that patients with high PTTG1 expression had poorer overall survival (OS)(HR:1.85,95%CI:1.55-2.20) and disease-free survival/recurrence-free survival (DFS/RFS) (HR:3.48, 95%CI:1.81-6.70). Subgroup analysis showed that high PTTG1 expression was mainly associated with worse OS in renal cell carcinoma(RCC),non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC),breast cancer(BC), esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC) and laryngeal cancer(LRGC). Furthermore, high PTTG1 expression was significantly associated with tumor stage (III-IV vs I-II), T stage (T3-4 vs T1-2), lymphatic invasion(Yes vs No) and metastasis (Yes vs No). Conclusion: PTTG1 may serve as a prognostic indicator in specific cancers.