Background: On the 11th of September 2015, the Borno state ministry of health was alerted by NGOs about 30 cases of acute watery diarrhoea and 7 deaths from two IDP camps in Maiduguri. 6 NFELTP residents were recruited to investigate the outbreak. We decide to conduct a study to identify associated risk factors and identify ways to avert further outbreaks. Methods & Materials: We conducted a retrospective 1:2 unmatched case control study in order to identify the risk factors associated with the outbreak using a semi structured questionnaire. A case was defined as a person greater than 2years of age with acute diarrhea with or without vomiting from September 10th to September 21st 2015. We searched for more cases within other camps and went through hospital records. Fecal, water and environmental samples were taken for laboratory analysis. Results: A total of 385 cases with 13 deaths, in a population of 11,384 was identified. Attack rate: 3.4%, CFR: 3.4% vomiting (44%), fever (31%), abdominal pain (16%), mean age was 31 years (ranges 2- 78years). Vibrio cholera type 01 was isolated only from the fecal sample. Poor hygienic practices sequel to contact with a case OR-2.8, CI (2.1-3.7) was significantly associated with this outbreak. The epidemic curve shows a point source propagated transmission. Conclusion: Having contact with cases followed by poor personal hygiene was responsible for the propagation and transmission of the outbreak. The index case was infected from outside the camp and subsequent cases were contacts linked to the index case. Knowledge and awareness campaign on preventive measures and improvement of sanitation and personal hygiene was an effective measure in curtailing the outbreak.
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Abubakar et al. (2016) studied this question.