Retrospective analysis of risk factors in patients with treatment-emergent diabetes during clinical trials of antipsychotic medications

AIMS: In this retrospective analysis, we assessed the short-term risk of treatment-emergent diabetes (TED) among patients with schizophrenia during clinical trials of antipsychotic medications. METHOD: From a non-diabetic cohort of patients with schizophrenia (n=5013), the relationship between baseline non-fasting glucose measurement, presence at baseline of risk factors for diabetes, weight gain and therapy assignment on the risk of treatment-emergent diabetes were assessed. RESULTS: At the baseline assessment, about a third of patients identified with TED during treatment had non-fasting glucose levels over 7.8 mmol/l and two-thirds had multiple diabetes risk factors. Both baseline non-fasting glucose level and the presence of multiple pre-existing diabetes risk factors appeared to have a major impact on the risk of developing diabetes. CONCLUSIONS: Overall, risk factors for diabetes in patients with schizophrenia overlap those in the general population. The results also suggest that many patients identified with TED might have had pre-existing glycaemic abnormalities or a high baseline burden of diabetes risk factors.