Role of Constraining Forces for Ultrarelativistic Particle Motion as a Source of Gravitational Radiation

A study is made of gravitational radiation from the constraining forces, idealized as stresses in a thin rod, necessary to hold a particle in an ultrarelativistic circular orbit. Both the particle and the constraining forces generate radiation spectra which fall off in frequency as ω^-(1/3) up to a critical frequency, ${{ω}}crit=3{[1{-}{({{v}particle}{v})}²]}^{{-}(3/2)}×{}frequencyofrotation$, but the power generated by the constraining forces is much smaller than that due to the particle's mass.