A Hybrid Sine Cosine-Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm for Energy Optimization on Demand Side (DS) of Smart Grid

Electricity has many advantages over other forms of energy, including ease of production, handling, flexibility, and efficiency, making it the most useful form of energy ever discovered.However, as the population grows, so does the electricity demand.Building new power plants requires a lot of effort, money, time, and resources.It is imperative to use the energy already available wisely.For the intelligent use of energy, a variety of approaches are used.To achieve the goals of lowering electricity costs, peak-to-average ratios (PAR), and user comfort, meta-heuristic optimization algorithms are frequently used and occasionally mathematically based optimization algorithms are employed.This concept also led to the creation of the Smart Grid (SG) and its concept.To use the energy effectively and conduct a comparison, a Synergy of Sine Cosine Algorithm (SCA) and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) are used in this paper.