Radiological findings in herpes simplex encephalitis

Returns of radiological investigations in 19 cases of proven herpes simplex encephalitis were reviewed and analysed. Plain X-rays of skull and chest were non-contributory. Fourteen patients were examined by brain scanning, eight by carotid angiography and eleven by pneumography. Positive findings with different techniques are pointed out. It is suggested that brain scanning is more sensitive in demonstrating an abnormality. Serial brain scanning may demonstrate a “positive to negative” sequence of results. The radiological findings are non-specific. Angiography is more helpful than pneumography in differential diagnosis. Follow up pneumography may demonstrate either focal or generalized cortical atrophy.