A finite element turbulence model is developed to simulate the steelmaking processes where the behaviour of an interface between two fluids is relevant. The pseudoconcentration technique is used to distinguish the two fluids and the interface is updated with a smoothing technique. A modified pressure that represents the difference between the actual pressure and the hydrostatic pressure is used. Two steps during the continuous casting process are simulated. One of them is the steel drainage of the ladle in transient state. The other one is the interface between the liquid steel and the liquid casting powder in the slab mould for different submerged entry nozzles.
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Goldschmit et al. (2004) studied this question.
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