This article describes the findings of a longitudinal study examining how teachers' confidence toward using technology have evolved, if at all, since taking an educational technology course during their preservice teacher education experience. Pre- and post-surveys were administered to undergraduate and graduate teacher education students at the beginning and end of an educational technology course, as well as several years later. Findings show that the overall instructional and personal confidence scores were significantly higher than when compared to the pre-course survey mean, although lower than the post-course survey mean.
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Milman et al. (2008) studied this question.
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