Martin EC, Bazzy AR, Gandhi MR, Haddad GG. An investigation into the venous drainage of the diaphragm of the sheep. Invest Radiol 1983;18:272–274. The venous drainage of the diaphragm of the sheep is described from dissection, the injected specimen and percutaneous catheterization. The feasibility of chronic sampling from the phrenic vein is discussed as is the relevance of this to studies of respiratory physiology and diaphragmatic fatigue.
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Martin et al. (1983) studied this question.