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We present a model in which each of two competing plant species is characterized by three parameters: the coefficient of competitiveness in the seedling stage, the expected life time of the adult plant, and the annual seed production of the adult. It is found that when seed production varies stochastically in time, species too similar with respect to these parameters can not outcompete each other, a special case of which is that ecologically identical species coexist stably. This contrasts with classical niche theory which predicts that there is a limit to similarity of species competing for the same resources.
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Ågren et al. (1984) studied this question.
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