Bifacial Four-Terminal Perovskite/Silicon Tandem Solar Cells and Modules

Ten years after the first paper on the properties of metal halide perovskite solar cells, their efficiency and stability have increased tremendously. It was quickly realized that their application goes beyond the single-junction use. Indeed, perovskite cell technology, by virtue of its tunable bandgap and low sub-bandgap absorption, offers new opportunities for stacking solar cells of different bandgap in a multijunction device to overcome the fundamental Shockley-Queisser (SQ) efficiency limit of a single-junction device.