Germination and Debittering Lupin Seeds Reduce α‐Galactoside and Intestinal Carbohydrate Fermentation in Humans

Subjects submitted to untreated and processed test meals of Lupinus albus and Lupinus angustifolius had decreases in breath‐hydrogen concentrations (as maximum and cumulative changes), for processed samples compared to untreated samples. Maximum changes (means) in breath‐hydrogen decreased from 56.7 and 66.7 Δppm in untreated L. albus and L ‐ angustifolius , respectively, to 8.4. and 5.9 Δppm in debittered samples (p <0.001). and to 29.6 Δppm in germinated L . albus (p<0.01). Results paralleled the decrease in α‐gaiactoside contents of germinated and debittered samples which showed over 90% reduction. Germination and debittering were very effective but debittering was more efficient to decrease fermentation in the human colon.