Coordinated optimal dispatch of VPPs in unbalanced ADNs

To manage and control massive distributed energy resources (DERs) integrated into active distribution networks (ADNs), dispersed DERs are aggregated as virtual power plants (VPPs). This study introduces a distributed optimal dispatch strategy of VPPs considering operational constraints in unbalanced ADN. First, a practical multi‐VPP coordination optimal dispatch model considering P–Q coupling characteristics in unbalanced ADN is proposed. Then, the primal–dual interior‐point algorithm is employed to transform the original model into a Karush–Kuhn–Tucker equation, where afterwards distributed quasi‐Newton method is developed to solve the equation. Under the proposed distributed strategy, each VPP only communicates limited boundary information with utility grid. With the advantage of quasi‐second‐order information, the proposed method outperforms the popular distributed gradient‐based algorithm, alternating direction method of multipliers. The distributed method provides merits such as efficient calculation and privacy protection for multi‐VPP operation in ADN. Numerical tests evaluate the efficiency and accuracy of the proposed method.