Optimization of helicopter takeoff and landing

The present investigation deals with the optimization of the Category. A runway takeoff of multiengine helicopters according to Federal Aviation Regulations (FAR) Part 29. The runway takeoff procedure is applied when the helicopter has to perform a takeoff similar to an aircraft. In the event of an engine failure, the critical decision point (CDP) is the essential criterion for the pilot's decision whether to continue or to reject takeoff. Presently, the CDP is determined by flight tests and is defined as a single decision point for the whole flight envelope. The Cat. A runway takeoff with the failure of one engine at the CDP, and the relevant flight performance are discussed. The paper presents a quasi-stationary simulation model on the basis of power required data fields. The influence of relevant parameters on takeoff performance, e.g., the takeoff distance, is shown by means of simulation results. The optimization procedure is demonstrated, consisting of a performance and a flight-path trajectory optimization. Finally, the optimization results are shown, and optimal takeoff procedures are discussed. The investigation is based on theoretical and experimental data for the BO 105 helicopter.