This study performed on 146 healthy men aged 30-55 years involved in recreational training for several years has demonstrated a relationship between an approximate metabolic cost of leisure time sports activities with an energy expenditure greater than 5 kcal/min (greater than 21 kJ) and the total coronary risk score, % body fat, HDL cholesterol concentration, smoking frequency, and aerobic capacity indices. These data as well as the preliminary results of a long-term study demonstrate that regular endurance training with an exercise intensity greater than 5 kcal/min (greater than 21 kJ) and a total energy expenditure of 1000-1499 kcal/week (4187-6279 kJ) may be a threshold dose of exercise effective for prevention of coronary heart disease and promotion of health.
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Drygas et al. (1988) studied this question.