Length of standing jumps along granular flows down smooth inclines

Predicting the flows of dense granular media is still a challenging issue. Here, numerical discrete element method simulations are used to investigate the diversity of patterns within granular jumps that accompany height, velocity, and density discontinuities in gravity-driven free-surface flows. It is demonstrated that standing granular jumps can serve as a useful gauge for evaluating the dissipation mechanisms that govern the flowability of granular media.