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In the world, kidney disease is most common cause of death. Primary care physicians must conduct appropriate diagnosis, and management in order to avoid detrimental consequences linked to death as well as end-stage kidney disease. In this scenario biomarkers can detect renal pathology more accurately and early than currently known biomarkers, including serum creatinine, estimated glomerular filtration rate and urine albumin, they hold out hope for bettering the care of individuals with kidney illnesses. Nowadays, nephrology is concentrating extensively on finding novel indicators of acute stage of kidney disease in order to prevent further complications from chronic kidney disease as well as end-stage renal disease. The best treatment targets for a particular patient or illness context may also be determined with the use of proteomic and genomic biomarkers. Therefore, current advancements in the study of important biomarkers including tumor necrosis factor, transforming growth factor, interleukin −1, interleukin-18, nephrin, uromodulin, collagen, osteopontin, NGAL and Dickkopf-3 are linked to different aspects of renal injury. Prognosis and risk classification can be enhanced by a variety of proteome and genome biomarkers that are linked to different pathophysiological processes that follow renal damage.
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Mitra et al. (2025) studied this question.
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