Association between sleep quality and cardiovascular diseases risk among general population of Makkah region, Saudi Arabia

Background: Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are a category of illnesses that affect the heart and blood vessels and are the major cause of death and morbidity globally and locally in Saudi Arabia (SA).Risk factors for developing CVD include hypertension, diabetes mellitus, obesity and others.Sleep has an important physiological, physical and psychological role and disturbance in sleep quality or quantity is associated with adverse health effects, such as hypertension and obesity.This study aims to look for the association between sleep quality and CVD risk.Methods: In this crosssectional study, Makkah's general population was given an online survey from June 2022 to August 2022 to complete.An adequate statistical analysis was performed once the data was collected.Results: The study shows that sleep quality scores would decrease in hypertensive participants (B = -1.08,pvalue = 0.073, Lower confidence interval (CI) = -2.27), in participants eating fatty food (B = -0.85,p-value = 0.008, Lower CI = -1.48)and in participants who breathe more than normal during exercise (B = -2.02,p-value = <0.000,Lower CI = -2.49).Conclusion: Poor sleep quality is associated with an increase in CVD risk, such as hypertension and fatty food consumption.However, maintaining proper sleep duration and quality could serve as prevention for developing hypertension.