Real-time 3D-TEE is a useful intraoperative tool for precisely identifying and characterizing paravalvular leaks during mitral valve surgery.
May aid intraoperative paravalvular leak assessment in select cases; hypothesis-generating and requires prospective validation before practice change.
Paravalvular leaks are well-known complications seen following cardiac valve surgery. We report a case in which real-time three-dimensional TEE (3D-TEE) was utilized intraoperatively to identify the number, severity, and precise locations of a paravalvular leak at the time of surgery for mitral valve replacement.
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Fischer et al. (2008) studied this question.
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