P‐Glycoprotein‐Dependent Trafficking of Nanoparticle‐Drug Conjugates

P-glycoprotein (P-gp) is considered to be the most prevalent and single most important cause of multidrug-resistance (MDR) in humans. Although the protein is well known to modulate the cellular trafficking of small molecule fluorophores, antimicrobials, and up to 50% of all cytotoxic chemotherapeutics, little is known about its interactions with nanoscale drug conjugates. Here, we use P-gp substrate-conjugated gold nanorods as model drug carriers to investigate P-gp-dependent cellular trafficking of nanoparticles.