Research progress on precision prevention and treatment of prediabetes based on multi-omics-imaging-pharmacology synergistic mechanisms from an integrated Chinese and Western medicine perspective

This paper reviews recent advances in the precise management of prediabetes, adopting an integrative perspective that synergizes multi-omics, radiomics, and pharmacological insights from both traditional Chinese and Western medicine. In multi-omics research, genomics aids in early warning for high-risk populations among the Chinese; metagenomics reveals associations between intestinal microbiota characteristics and disease onset; metabolomics provides biomarkers, and the integration of multiple omics has identified novel prevention and treatment targets. Radiomics can assist in diagnosis and treatment, with integrated diagnostic models combining traditional Chinese and Western medicine expected to enhance diagnostic efficacy, while other imaging examinations can aid in early diagnosis, disease assessment, and treatment evaluation. In pharmacology, both traditional Chinese and Western drugs have their respective advantages and disadvantages, and their combined use can improve prevention and treatment outcomes. Integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine treatment is theoretically supported, enabling the formulation of precise strategies, and clinical cases have confirmed its effectiveness. However, challenges remain in technological integration, standardization, and cost-effectiveness. In the future, with the development of technology, theory, artificial intelligence, and strengthened international cooperation, greater breakthroughs are anticipated.