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Two hundred and fifty sera from 19 children with acute leukemia were tested for their capacity to stimulate mouse bone marrow cells to proliferate in vitro and form cell colonies. All 19 children developed elevation of colony-stimulating activity during the course of their disease. Seventy-two of 73 non-leukemic children had no colony-stimulating activity. Colony-stimulating activity was elevated shortly prior to death and in association with severe secondary infections, but these accounted for only a small portion of the elevations. Elevations of colony-stimulating activity could not be correlated with the relapse or remission status of the bone marrow, chemotherapy, or peripheral blood leukocyte counts.
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Foster et al. (1971) studied this question.
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