Data-Independent Acquisition Proteomics Identifies Plasma Prostaglandin-H2 D-Isomerase as an Early Diagnostic Biomarker for STEMI and NSTEMI

Figures

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  Fig. 1. Schematic flow chart of the data-independent acquisition (DIA) proteomic study.

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  Fig. 2. The identification of the differentially abundant proteins (DAPs), gene ontology (GO) level 2 analysis, and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis of the DAPs.A and B, the bar diagram and Venn diagram present the total number of DAPs. C, the volcano plot showed the axial distribution of the DAPs. D, the heatmap cluster analysis demonstrated the level of the DAPs in STEMI versus CON, UA versus CON, and STEMI versus UA. E, Pearson's analysis presents the correlation between the DAPs. F-1 to F-3, the GO analysis of the DAPs based on their functional classification G-1 to G-3, the bubble diagram lists the KEGG enrichment top 20 pathways. H-1 to H-3, KEGG enrichment level 2 analysis of the DAPs. I, the interaction of the DAPs was mapped on the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network.

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  Fig. 3. Receiver–operating characteristic (ROC) curves and ELISA validation of the differentially abundant proteins (DAPs).A, the ROC curves of the potential diagnostic biomarkers for STEMI compared with CON and UA based on the DIA results. n = 10 in each group. B, the proteins were validated using ELISA. n = 52 in each group. C, the ROC curves of the biomarkers were based on the ELISA validation results. n = 52 in each group. ∗p < 0.05, ∗∗p < 0.01, ∗∗∗p < 0.001.

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  Fig. 4. Analysis of the sensitivity and specificity of PTGDS in STEMI and NSTEMI. A, the ROC curves of PTGDS and current biomarkers. B, the timepoint from symptom onset to the first blood draw. C and D, the concentration of PTGDS and current biomarkers in CON, UA, and STEMI or NSTEMI at four timepoints. ∗p < 0.05, ∗∗p < 0.01, ∗∗∗p < 0.001 versus CON, Δp < 0.05, ΔΔp < 0.01, ΔΔΔp < 0.001 versus UA, #p < 0.05, ###p < 0.001 versus T1, ∴∴∴p < 0.001 versus T2, ▿p < 0.05, ▿▿p < 0.01, ▿▿▿p < 0.001 versus T4.

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  Supplementary Figure 1. The Gene ontology (GO) level2 analysis of up- and down-regulated differentially abundant proteins (DAPs) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis of total proteins and DAPs.

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  Supplementary Figure 1 continued.

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  Supplementary Figure 2. The location of the differentially abundant proteins (DAPs) in the volcano plot in comparison of STEMI versus CON or UA.

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  Supplementary Figure 3. Schema of the possible metabolism pathway related to the increased PTGDS in MI.