Dual‐Specificity Tyrosine Phosphorylation‐Regulated Kinase‐1A (DYRK1A), A Master Regulatory Protein Involved in Down Syndrome Brain Alterations and Mental Disability, A Key Contributor to Neurodegenerative Disorders of Alzheimer's Disease and A Potential Therapeutic Target

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Down syndrome (DS) is the most frequent genetic disease characterized by several neuropathological features including alteration in neurogenesis, mental disability, cognitive impairments, learning-memory deficits and early onset of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Over expression of chromosome 21 genes, localized in Down Syndrome Critical Region (DSCR), is the main cause of DS neuropathological features.