Heat acclimation reduces the effects of whole-body hyperthermia on knee-extensor relaxation rate, but does not affect voluntary torque production

Figures

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  Fig. 1. Schematic of the experimental study design

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  Fig. 2. Rapid voluntary torque at; 50 ms (T50; A), 100 ms (T100; B) and 150 ms (T150; C) from contraction onset. Measurements were taken at two different rectal temperatures: 37 °C (grey bars and open circles) and 39 °C (open bars and open squares), and pre- (Trial 1), post-5 days (Trial 2) and post-10 days (Trial 3) of heat acclimation. Individual data points and group means presented for n = 10 at T50 and T100. Data are n = 8 for T150 because it was not possible to obtain torque values after 100 ms for two participants. For clarity, error bars have been omitted

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  Fig. 3. Rate of torque development at sequential time epochs, 0–50 ms (RTD0–50; A), 50–100 ms (RTD50–100; B) and 100–150 ms (RTD100–150; C). Measurements were taken at two different rectal temperatures: 37 °C (grey bars and open circles) and 39 °C (open bars and open squares), and pre- (Trial 1), post-5 days (Trial 2) and post-10 days (Trial 3) of heat acclimation. Individual data points and group means presented for n = 10 at RTD0–50 and RTD50–100. Data are n = 8 for RTD100–150 because it was not possible to obtain RTD values after 100 ms for two participants. For clarity, error bars have been omitted

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  Fig. 4. Surface EMG RMS normalised to Mmax at 0–50 ms (EMG0–50; A), 0–100 ms (EMG0–100; B) and 0–150 ms (EMG0–150; C). Measurements were taken at two different rectal temperatures: 37 °C (grey bars and open circles) and 39 °C (open bars and open squares), and pre- (Trial 1), post-5 days (Trial 2) and post-10 days (Trial 3) of heat acclimation. Individual data points and group means presented for n = 10 at EMG0–50 and EMG0–100. Data are n = 8 for EMG0–150 because it was not possible to obtain EMG values after 100 ms for two participants. For clarity error bars have been omitted. Post hoc significant difference is denoted by: † (P < 0.05), †† (< 0.005), different from 37 °C