Magnetically insulated line oscillator (MILO) can generate microwave of GW-class without an external magnetic field. The main disadvantage of the device is that part of the input power is used to maintain the insulating magnetic field, which limits the power conversion efficiency significantly. In order to increase the power conversion efficiency, a MILO with an inward-emitting cathode is presented. Compared with the typical outward-emitting MILO where the magnetic field is provided by the load current, the electron beam in the inward-emitting MILO is collected at a specially designed inner conductor, and the returning spoke current contributes substantially to the insulating magnetic field. The inward-emitting MILO is investigated in detail by particle-in-cell simulation, and an efficiency of 19% has been obtained.
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Xiao et al. (2009) studied this question.
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