Phenylethyl Glycosides from Globularia alypum Growing in Turkey

From the leaves of Globularia alypum , three new phenylethyl glycosides, namely galypumosides A (=2‐(3,4‐dihydroxyphenyl)ethyl O ‐ α ‐rhamnopyranosyl‐(1→3)‐4‐ O ‐[( E )‐caffeoyl]‐6‐ O ‐[( E )‐ p ‐coumaroyl]‐ β ‐glucopyranoside; 1 ), B (=2‐(3,4‐dihydroxyphenyl)ethyl O ‐ α ‐rhamnopyranosyl‐(1→3)‐4‐ O ‐[( E )‐caffeoyl]‐6‐ O ‐[( E )‐feruloyl]‐ β ‐glucopyranoside; 2 ), and C (=2‐(3,4‐dihydroxyphenyl)ethyl O ‐ α ‐rhamnopyranosyl‐(1→3)‐4‐ O ‐[( E )‐caffeoyl]‐6‐ O ‐menthiafoloyl‐ β ‐glucopyranoside; 3 ), were isolated, together with two known phenylethyl glycosides, calceolarioside A and verbascoside. Eight iridoid glucosides, catalpol, globularicisin, globularin, globularidin, globularinin, globularimin, lytanthosalin, and alpinoside, a flavon glycoside, 6‐hydroxyluteolin 7‐ O ‐sophoroside, a lignan glycoside, syringaresinol 4′‐ O ‐ β ‐glucopyranoside, and a phenylpropanoid glycoside, syringin, were also obtained and characterized. The structures of the isolates were elucidated on the basis of 1D‐ and 2D‐NMR experiments as well as HR‐MALDI‐MS.